Lag a Numeric, Character, or Factor Vector
Shifts a vector shift elements later. Character or factor
variables are padded with "", numerics with NA. The shift
may be negative.
Lag(x, shift = 1)
x |
a vector |
shift |
integer specifying the number of observations to be shifted to the right. Negative values imply shifts to the left. |
A.ttributes of the original object are carried along to the new lagged one.
a vector like x
Frank Harrell
Lag(1:5,2)
Lag(letters[1:4],2)
Lag(factor(letters[1:4]),-2)
# Find which observations are the first for a given subject
id <- c('a','a','b','b','b','c')
id != Lag(id)
!duplicated(id)Please choose more modern alternatives, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.