Fit Linear Logistic Models with Relaxed Assumptions (LLRA)
Automatically builds design matrix and fits LLRA.
LLRA(X, W, mpoints, groups, baseline, itmgrps = NULL, ...) ## S3 method for class 'llra' print(x, ...)
X |
Data matrix as described in Hatzinger and Rusch (2009). It must be of wide format, e.g. for each person all item answers are written in columns for t1, t2, t3 etc. Hence each row corresponds to all observations for a single person. See llraDat1 for an example. Missing values are not allowed. |
W |
Design Matrix for LLRA to be passed to |
mpoints |
The number of time points. |
groups |
Vector, matrix or data frame with subject/treatment covariates. |
baseline |
An optional vector with the baseline values for the columns in group. |
itmgrps |
Specifies how many groups of items there are. Currently not functional but may be useful in the future. |
x |
For the print method, an object of class |
... |
Additional arguments to be passed to and from other methods. |
The function LLRA is a wrapper for LPCM to fit
Linear Logistic Models with Relaxed Assumptions (LLRA). LLRA
are extensions of the LPCM for the measurement of change over a number
of discrete time points for a set of
items. It can incorporate categorical covariate information. If no
design matrix W is passed as an argument, it is built automatically
from scratch.
Unless passed by the user, the baseline group is always the one with
the lowest (alpha-)numerical value for argument groups. All
other groups are labeled decreasingly according to the
(alpha)-numerical value, e.g. with 2 treatment groups (TG1 and TG2)
and one control group (CG), CG will be the baseline than TG1 and TG2.
Hence the group effects are ordered like
rev((unique(names(groupvec))) for naming.
Caution is advised as LLRA will fail if all changes for a group will be into a single direction (e.g. all subjects in the treatment group show improvement). Currently only data matrices are supported as arguments.
Returns an object of class 'llra' (also inheriting from class 'eRm') containing
loglik |
Conditional log-likelihood. |
iter |
Number of iterations. |
npar |
Number of parameters. |
convergence |
See code output in nlm. |
etapar |
Estimated basic item parameters. These are the LLRA effect parameters. |
se.eta |
Standard errors of the estimated basic item parameters. |
betapar |
Estimated item (easiness) parameters of the virtual items (not useful for interpretation here). |
se.beta |
Standard errors of virtual item parameters (not useful for interpretation here). |
hessian |
Hessian matrix if |
W |
Design matrix. |
X |
Data matrix in long format. The columns correspond to the measurement points and each persons item answers are listed susequently in rows. |
X01 |
Dichotomized data matrix. |
groupvec |
Assignment vector. |
call |
The matched call. |
itms |
The number of items. |
A warning is printed that the first two categories for polytomous items are equated to save parameters. See Hatzinger and Rusch (2009) for a justification why this is valid also from a substantive point of view.
Thomas Rusch
Fischer, G.H. (1995) Linear logistic models for change. In G.H. Fischer and I. W. Molenaar (eds.), Rasch models: Foundations, recent developments and applications (pp. 157–181), New York: Springer.
Glueck, J. and Spiel, C. (1997) Item response models for repeated measures designs: Application and limitations of four different approaches. Methods of Psychological Research, 2. https://www.dgps.de/fachgruppen/methoden/mpr-online/issue2/art6/article.html
Hatzinger, R. and Rusch, T. (2009) IRT models with relaxed assumptions in eRm: A manual-like instruction. Psychology Science Quarterly, 51, pp. 87–120.
The function to build the design matrix build_W, and the
S3 methods summary.llra and plotTR and
plotGR for plotting.
##Example 6 from Hatzinger & Rusch (2009)
groups <- c(rep("TG",30),rep("CG",30))
llra1 <- LLRA(llradat3,mpoints=2,groups=groups)
llra1
## Not run:
##An LLRA with 2 treatment groups and 1 baseline group, 5 items and 4
##time points. Item 1 is dichotomous, all others have 3, 4, 5, 6
##categories respectively.
dats <- llraDat2[1:20]
groups <- llraDat2$group
tps <- 4
#baseline CG
ex2 <- LLRA(dats,mpoints=tps,groups=groups)
#baseline TG1
ex2a <- LLRA(dats,mpoints=tps,groups=groups,baseline="TG1")
#summarize results
summary(ex2)
summary(ex2a)
#plotting
plotGR(ex2)
plotTR(ex2)
## End(Not run)Please choose more modern alternatives, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.