Description

Create a magic square.

Usage

Arguments

Details

The value of the characteristic sum for a magic square of order n is sum(1:n^2)/n. The order n must be a scalar greater than or equal to 3; otherwise, the result will be either a nonmagic square, or else the degenerate magic squares 1 and [].

Value

Returns an n-by-n matrix constructed from the integers 1 through N^2 with equal row and column sums.

Note

A magic square, scaled by its magic sum, is doubly stochastic.

Author(s)

P. Roebuck proebuck@mdanderson.org

See Also

ones, zeros

Examples