Parse date/times
Parse date/times
parse_datetime(
x,
format = "",
na = c("", "NA"),
locale = default_locale(),
trim_ws = TRUE
)
parse_date(
x,
format = "",
na = c("", "NA"),
locale = default_locale(),
trim_ws = TRUE
)
parse_time(
x,
format = "",
na = c("", "NA"),
locale = default_locale(),
trim_ws = TRUE
)
col_datetime(format = "")
col_date(format = "")
col_time(format = "")x |
A character vector of dates to parse. |
format |
A format specification, as described below. If set to "",
date times are parsed as ISO8601, dates and times used the date and
time formats specified in the Unlike |
na |
Character vector of strings to interpret as missing values. Set this
option to |
locale |
The locale controls defaults that vary from place to place.
The default locale is US-centric (like R), but you can use
|
trim_ws |
Should leading and trailing whitespace be trimmed from each field before parsing it? |
A POSIXct() vector with tzone attribute set to
tz. Elements that could not be parsed (or did not generate valid
dates) will be set to NA, and a warning message will inform
you of the total number of failures.
readr uses a format specification similar to strptime().
There are three types of element:
Date components are specified with "\ For example "\ month and "\ (i.e. Jan 1st) if not present, for example if only a year is given.
Whitespace is any sequence of zero or more whitespace characters.
Any other character is matched exactly.
parse_datetime() recognises the following format specifications:
Year: "\ 70-99 -> 1970-1999.
Month: "\ locale), "\
Day: "\ "%a" (abbreviated name in current locale).
Hour: "\ use h (and not H) if your times represent durations longer than one day.
Minutes: "\
Seconds: "\
Time zone: "\ offset from UTC, e.g. "+0800")
AM/PM indicator: "\
Non-digits: "\ "\ "\
Automatic parsers: "\ "\
Shortcuts: "\ "\
Currently, readr does not support all of ISO8601. Missing features:
Week & weekday specifications, e.g. "2013-W05", "2013-W05-10"
Ordinal dates, e.g. "2013-095".
Using commas instead of a period for decimal separator
The parser is also a little laxer than ISO8601:
Dates and times can be separated with a space, not just T.
Mostly correct specifications like "2009-05-19 14:" and "200912-01" work.
Other parsers:
col_skip(),
cols_condense(),
cols(),
parse_factor(),
parse_guess(),
parse_logical(),
parse_number(),
parse_vector()
# Format strings --------------------------------------------------------
parse_datetime("01/02/2010", "%d/%m/%Y")
parse_datetime("01/02/2010", "%m/%d/%Y")
# Handle any separator
parse_datetime("01/02/2010", "%m%.%d%.%Y")
# Dates look the same, but internally they use the number of days since
# 1970-01-01 instead of the number of seconds. This avoids a whole lot
# of troubles related to time zones, so use if you can.
parse_date("01/02/2010", "%d/%m/%Y")
parse_date("01/02/2010", "%m/%d/%Y")
# You can parse timezones from strings (as listed in OlsonNames())
parse_datetime("2010/01/01 12:00 US/Central", "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M %Z")
# Or from offsets
parse_datetime("2010/01/01 12:00 -0600", "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M %z")
# Use the locale parameter to control the default time zone
# (but note UTC is considerably faster than other options)
parse_datetime("2010/01/01 12:00", "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M",
locale = locale(tz = "US/Central"))
parse_datetime("2010/01/01 12:00", "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M",
locale = locale(tz = "US/Eastern"))
# Unlike strptime, the format specification must match the complete
# string (ignoring leading and trailing whitespace). This avoids common
# errors:
strptime("01/02/2010", "%d/%m/%y")
parse_datetime("01/02/2010", "%d/%m/%y")
# Failures -------------------------------------------------------------
parse_datetime("01/01/2010", "%d/%m/%Y")
parse_datetime(c("01/ab/2010", "32/01/2010"), "%d/%m/%Y")
# Locales --------------------------------------------------------------
# By default, readr expects English date/times, but that's easy to change'
parse_datetime("1 janvier 2015", "%d %B %Y", locale = locale("fr"))
parse_datetime("1 enero 2015", "%d %B %Y", locale = locale("es"))
# ISO8601 --------------------------------------------------------------
# With separators
parse_datetime("1979-10-14")
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T10")
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T10:11")
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T10:11:12")
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T10:11:12.12345")
# Without separators
parse_datetime("19791014")
parse_datetime("19791014T101112")
# Time zones
us_central <- locale(tz = "US/Central")
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T1010", locale = us_central)
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T1010-0500", locale = us_central)
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T1010Z", locale = us_central)
# Your current time zone
parse_datetime("1979-10-14T1010", locale = locale(tz = ""))Please choose more modern alternatives, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.