K-function of a Three-Dimensional Point Pattern
Estimates the K-function from a three-dimensional point pattern.
K3est(X, ...,
rmax = NULL, nrval = 128,
correction = c("translation", "isotropic"),
ratio=FALSE)X |
Three-dimensional point pattern (object of class |
... |
Ignored. |
rmax |
Optional. Maximum value of argument r for which K3(r) will be estimated. |
nrval |
Optional. Number of values of r for which
K3(r) will be estimated. A large value of |
correction |
Optional. Character vector specifying the edge correction(s) to be applied. See Details. |
ratio |
Logical.
If |
For a stationary point process Phi in three-dimensional space, the three-dimensional K function is
K3(r) = (1/lambda) E(N(Phi,x,r) | x in Phi)
where lambda is the intensity of the process (the expected number of points per unit volume) and N(Phi,x,r) is the number of points of Phi, other than x itself, which fall within a distance r of x. This is the three-dimensional generalisation of Ripley's K function for two-dimensional point processes (Ripley, 1977).
The three-dimensional point pattern X is assumed to be a
partial realisation of a stationary point process Phi.
The distance between each pair of distinct points is computed.
The empirical cumulative distribution
function of these values, with appropriate edge corrections, is
renormalised to give the estimate of K3(r).
The available edge corrections are:
"translation":the Ohser translation correction estimator (Ohser, 1983; Baddeley et al, 1993)
"isotropic":the three-dimensional counterpart of Ripley's isotropic edge correction (Ripley, 1977; Baddeley et al, 1993).
Alternatively correction="all" selects all options.
A function value table (object of class "fv") that can be
plotted, printed or coerced to a data frame containing the function values.
Adrian Baddeley Adrian.Baddeley@curtin.edu.au and Rana Moyeed.
Baddeley, A.J, Moyeed, R.A., Howard, C.V. and Boyde, A. (1993) Analysis of a three-dimensional point pattern with replication. Applied Statistics 42, 641–668.
Ohser, J. (1983) On estimators for the reduced second moment measure of point processes. Mathematische Operationsforschung und Statistik, series Statistics, 14, 63 – 71.
Ripley, B.D. (1977) Modelling spatial patterns (with discussion). Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 39, 172 – 212.
pp3 to create a three-dimensional point
pattern (object of class "pp3").
Kest to estimate the K-function of
point patterns in two dimensions or other spaces.
X <- rpoispp3(42) Z <- K3est(X) if(interactive()) plot(Z)
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