Calculate lmeStruct Residuals
The residuals at level i are obtained by subtracting the fitted values at that level from the response vector. The fitted values at level i are obtained by adding together the population fitted values (based only on the fixed effects estimates) and the estimated contributions of the random effects to the fitted values at grouping levels less or equal to i.
## S3 method for class 'lmeStruct' residuals(object, level, conLin, lmeFit, ...)
object |
an object inheriting from class |
level |
an optional integer vector giving the level(s) of grouping
to be used in extracting the residuals from |
conLin |
an optional condensed linear model object, consisting of
a list with components |
lmeFit |
an optional list with components |
... |
some methods for this generic accept optional arguments. |
if a single level of grouping is specified in level
,
the returned value is a vector with the residuals at the desired
level; else, when multiple grouping levels are specified in
level
, the returned object is a matrix with
columns given by the residuals at different levels.
This method function is primarily used within the lme
function.
José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates bates@stat.wisc.edu
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